MULTIJUNCTION PHOTOVOLTAICS Another strategy to improve PV battery efficiency is to layer semiconductors to create multifunctional solar cells. These cells are essentially stacks of dissimilar semiconductor material instead of single-junction cells with only one semiconductor. Each layer has a different frequency band, so each layer absorbs a different part of the solar spectrum, taking advantage of more sunlight than single contiguous cells. Multifunctional solar cells can reach record efficiency levels because light not absorbed by the first semiconductor layer is captured by the layer below it. While all solar cells with more than one band are multi-band solar cells, a solar cell with precisely two bands is called a tandem solar cell. Multifunctional solar cells that combine semiconductors from columns III and V in the periodic table are called III-V multifunctional solar cells. Multifunctional solar cells have proven to be 45% more efficient, but they are expensive and difficult to manufacture, so they are dedicated to space exploration. The military uses III-V solar cells in drones, and researchers are exploring other uses where high efficiency is critical.
What is photovoltaic technology? Learn about PV technology | BSLG
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